权芳芳

全球公共卫生领域正迎来一道严峻的考题，中老年群体高血压患病率持续攀升，全球老龄化趋势正重塑社会图景。对高血压的长期调控，医疗手段固然关键，但患者本人的日常管理能力同样不可或缺。尤其在中年与老年人群中，提升自主管理能显著优化血压指标，降低心脑血管意外风险。近年来，关于中老年人高血压自我管理的研究逐渐增多，在理论架构搭建、调控手段策划与成效评估等诸项层面均有覆盖。然而，现有研究在干预持续性、个体化方案以及影响因素分析方面仍存在不足。本文系统综述了中老年人高血压自我管理领域的最新研究进展，深入解析了自我管理学的理论根基、核心治疗手段与疗效验证，并系统审视了制约自我管理成效的决定性要素，旨在为临床实践和健康管理提供科学依据和策略指导，并展望未来研究的发展方向。

中老年人；高血压；自我管理；干预策略；血压控制；健康教育

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