张 艳,杨青岩

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重AECOPD与2型糖尿病均为老年人群高发的慢性疾病，两者共病率呈逐年上升趋势，严重影响患者生活质量与预后。本文从肺功能损伤特征、炎症机制介导、营养代谢紊乱三个核心视角，系统综述老年AECOPD合并2型糖尿病的多维度关联。研究表明，共病状态下，肺功能指标如第一秒用力呼气容积、用力肺活量、最大通气量显著下降，炎症因子网络紊乱如肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6、高敏C反应蛋白异常升高，营养风险发生率显著增加，三者形成肺功能损伤-炎症激活-营养失衡的恶性循环。本文整合近年临床研究与机制探索成果，分析三者的交互作用路径，提出针对性临床干预思路，为老年共病患者的精准管理提供理论参考与实践依据。

老年；AECOPD；2型糖尿病；肺功能；多维度关联

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