Chenyang Liu

The symmetrical composition of Dunhuang murals, when first introduced to China, bore distinct characteristics of a rigid geometric symmetry paradigm, and was imbued with a strong sense of ritualistic formality and sacred symbolism.After its introduction into China, however, this formal system underwent a process of localization, gradually evolving into a visual structure that combined axial stability with local flexibility. This study introduces the concept of the “elastic symmetry mechanism” as a new analytical term, intended to describe a structural logic that reconciles balance with adaptability. It examines the transformation of Dunhuang murals from absolute to relative symmetry, focusing on adaptive adjustments in compositional layout, chromatic distribution, and ornamental rhythm, while uncovering the deeper cultural concepts and artisanal practices that sustained this shift. The study argues that this structural evolution was not only a process of Sinicization in visual language but also provides valuable formal resources and theoretical references for contemporary pattern design and visual expression.

Dunhuang murals; symmetrical composition; elastic symmetry mechanism; localization; visual structure; image design

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