张 利,苏 娟

痛风是一种由单钠尿酸盐（MSU）晶体沉积引起的炎症性关节炎，其发病机制复杂，涉及NLRP3炎症小体激活、IL-1β释放及免疫细胞浸润。缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）在炎症反应中具有双向调控作用。近年来，间充质干细胞（MSCs）因其免疫调节和组织修复能力，成为痛风治疗的新方向。本文综述了痛风炎症机制的研究进展，并探讨MSCs在抗炎治疗中的潜力及未来发展方向。

痛风性关节炎；作用机制；NLRP3；炎症因子；MSC；肠道菌群；HIF-1α

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