赵浩然,马泽宇,周士博,白晓亮

骨缺损是骨科临床常见的难题，自体骨与异体骨移植各有局限，骨组织工程为骨缺损修复提供了新思路。电纺丝技术可制备直径从数十纳米到数微米的连续纤维，其结构高度模拟天然骨细胞外基质，已成为骨修复支架研究的热点。本文综述了电纺丝技术的原理与优势、电纺丝支架的材料体系（天然高分子、合成高分子及复合材料）、载药/生长因子缓释与压电/磁电等功能化策略，以及其在骨缺损修复中的研究进展与临床转化现状，并针对临床应用中存在的力学强度不足、降解速率难控、规模化制备困难等问题进行讨论，以期为骨缺损的临床治疗提供参考。

骨缺损；电纺丝；纤维支架；骨组织工程；骨修复

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