孙雨晴

肠-脑轴作为胃肠道与中枢神经系统双向通信网络，正逐渐成为解释神经系统疾病发生发展的重要框架。本文系统梳理了肠-脑轴四条核心机制，归纳微生态异常通过迷走神经、免疫、内分泌与代谢紊乱影响病程，并突出肠道驻留免疫细胞在突触核蛋白病中的双相作用。本文的贡献在于以机制链条明确可验证环节与生物标志物的干预方向，为机制靶向与个体化研究提供框架。

肠-脑轴；肠道菌群；神经系统疾病

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