姜玉涵,赵雪芸,林默涵,贾 波,刘 娟

恶性肿瘤相关性口腔溃疡是抗肿瘤治疗过程中最常见的并发症之一，发病机制复杂，可由肿瘤本身、放化疗、靶向及免疫治疗等多种因素引发，以口腔黏膜灼痛、深大溃疡及覆有假膜为主要表现。头颈部肿瘤同步放化疗患者若未能有效管理，将导致疼痛、继发感染和治疗中断，严重影响生活质量与抗肿瘤疗效。因此，对该并发症的早期识别与系统管理至关重要。本文就近年来恶性肿瘤相关性口腔溃疡的发病机制与综合临床管理策略的研究进展进行综述，旨在为肿瘤临床医护与口腔医生提供循证依据与诊疗参考。

恶性肿瘤；口腔溃疡；信号通路；免疫治疗；多学科管理

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