刘彬果,王剑丽,陈竹卿

由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病流感，是人类一个严重的健康、医疗和经济问题。目前的防治措施包括疫苗接种和药物对症治疗，还不能达到令人满意的效果。尤其面对流感大流行期间和合并其他疾病的多病种流感患者。无论何种情况，抗病毒药物的应用必不可少。目前，抗病毒药物主要包括：M2离子通道蛋白抑制剂、神经氨酸酶抑制剂（NAI）和RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶（RdRp）抑制剂等。本文概述了目前临床应用及推荐的抗病毒药物，包括其作用机制、给药途径、适应证、目标人群、有效性和安全性及其在季节性流感和流感大爆发中的应用现状，为开发新的抗病毒药物以及临床应用新的治疗方案提供参考。

流感病毒；抗病毒药物；神经氨酸酶抑制剂；巴沙洛韦

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