许洛铭

骨整合假肢通过金属植入体与残骨直接整合并经皮连接外部假肢，为截肢康复提供了新方案。本综述系统阐述其核心要素：活骨的健康状态、植入物（钛合金为主）的材料/表面/设计优化及透皮表面的生物密封技术。相较于传统假肢，其优势在于生物力线仿生设计实现高效力学传递，提升关节活动度、舒适度及本体感觉（骨感知）。但存在绝对禁忌症（感染、严重血管病变等）和相对禁忌症（骨量不足等），且面临透皮接口感染风险、周期长、协作成本高等挑战。未来需强化骨整合与透皮密封技术，探索神经整合潜力，并通过政策支持与技术革新降低成本以促进应用。

骨整合假肢；仿生设计；透皮密封；生物力学；禁忌症

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