周雨桐,杨 好,朱海华

口腔微生态作为人体第二大微生物群落，在维持免疫稳态、代谢调控及全身健康中至关重要。微生态失衡不仅与龋病、牙周炎等口腔疾病密切相关，还通过跨系统通路影响心血管疾病、阿尔茨海默病等全身性疾病。近年来，宏基因组学等技术革新深化了对微生物群落及其与宿主互作机制的认识，靶向调控策略（如益生菌、噬菌体疗法）展现出恢复微生态平衡的潜力，但需更多临床验证。未来需结合多组学技术，开发个性化方案，实现口腔与全身健康的协同管理。

口腔微生态；口腔疾病；全身疾病；多组学；靶向调控

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