马启霞,刘晓琴

脓毒症相关的急性肺损伤（ALI）/急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）是由脓毒症诱发的普遍且严重的并发症，具有较高的发病率和死亡率，常发生在肺部感染或肺外部位感染后炎症风暴失控，宿主对感染的异常反应导致肺泡毛细血管内皮损伤、屏障破坏，最终以低氧血症、炎症和非心源性肺水肿为特征的肺损伤。大量研究证实了中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶在急性肺损伤中起到的关键作用，研究表明中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶抑制剂的应用大大降低了脓毒症时炎性介质的释放，减少内皮细胞释放，从而保护肺泡屏障功能完整性，减轻急性肺损伤发生率。但是所有研究均基于海平面地区数据而来，高原缺氧本身以原发病或继发性病因参与高原ARDS/MODS的发病机制，因此本文致力于探讨中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶在高海拔地区的应用前景。

脓毒症；急性呼吸窘迫综合征；中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶

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