张 敏,周 玲

百日咳（Pertussis）是一种由百日咳杆菌引起的急性呼吸道传染病，是一种全球性的流行病，2～5年爆发一次，典型的临床表现是持续的阵发性痉挛性咳，咳嗽以鸡鸣样吸气声结束，外周血淋巴细胞增多为该病的特征。随着百日咳-白喉-破伤风三联（百白破联合）疫苗覆盖率不断提高，显著降低了百日咳的发病率和死亡率，然而，近年来，即使在百日咳疫苗接种率较高的国家甚至也出现了复燃趋势，即自20世纪80年代以来，美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等多个疫苗高覆盖率国家在保持多年百日咳低发病率后再次出现上升趋势，甚至局部地区出现了爆发疫情，在国际上称为“百日咳再现”现象,本文将从儿童百日咳流行概况、疫苗及治疗的研究进展中做出如下阐述。

儿童百日咳；流行概况；疫苗；治疗，研究进展

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