杜晨贝妮,孙 斌,王 皓,曲秀彬

急性肾损伤是一种高发且严重的临床综合征，早期诊断和干预对改善预后至关重要。传统诊断指标如血清肌酐和尿量存在敏感性低、滞后性强等局限性，难以满足临床需求。血清胱抑素C作为一种敏感且稳定的生物标志物，能快速反映肾小球滤过率的下降，不受年龄、性别和肌肉质量等因素影响，在急性肾损伤早期诊断中表现出显著优势。本文系统综述了胱抑素C的生物学特性、诊断优势及在重症监护、术后管理、脓毒症相关急性肾损伤等多种临床应用中的进展，分析其在预后评估、与联合标志物应用及所面临的挑战，并提出未来研究方向。

急性肾损伤；血清胱抑素C；早期诊断；生物标志物

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