郑创城,李桂芳

【摘 要】：母乳是早产儿理想的营养来源。近些年来母乳对早产儿神经发育的影响也越来越受大家的关注。母乳中含有对神经系统的生长和功能至关重要的必需营养成分和营养因子，有益于早产儿的神经发育。母乳强化剂作为强化母乳的营养剂是否对早产儿的神经发育产生影响也慢慢引起人们的关注。该文将母乳中几种对早产儿神经发育有影响的重要营养成分的概念及作用、母乳对早产儿神经发育结局、母乳喂养时间与喂养量与早产儿神经发育的关系、母乳喂养对早产儿大脑微观结构的影响、母乳强化剂对早产儿神经发育的影响的最新研究进展做一综述。

【关键词】：神经发育；母乳；母乳强化剂；早产儿

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